To commemorate World AIDS Day on December 1, 2024, the International Antiviral Society-USA (IAS-USA) has published updated guidelines for the HIV treatment and prevention of HIV. These new recommendations reflect significant advances in antiretroviral therapies and prevention strategies.

Developed by a panel of expert medical professionals, including Professor Clara Lehmann of the University Hospital Cologne, the guidelines emphasize the importance of tailored antiretroviral therapy, HIV prevention strategies, and comprehensive care for people living with HIV.

Tailored Antiretroviral Therapy

The guidelines recommend that antiretroviral therapy should be tailored to the individual’s needs, especially for those who cannot tolerate certain HIV drugs. This approach acknowledges that each person’s response to treatment is unique and that a one-size-fits-all approach may not be effective.

Long-acting injectable therapies are highlighted as a valuable option to help patients adhere to their treatment plans. These therapies involve injecting antiretroviral medication into the body, which can help maintain viral suppression and reduce the risk of transmission.

HIV Prevention Strategies

For people at increased risk of HIV exposure, the guidelines emphasize the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). PrEP involves taking daily oral medication or receiving long-acting injectable treatments to prevent HIV infection. PEP, on the other hand, involves taking antiretroviral medication after potential exposure to HIV to prevent infection.

Comprehensive Care for People Living with HIV

The guidelines stress the importance of a holistic approach to HIV care. This includes prevention of cardiovascular disease, management of substance use disorders, and monitoring of weight changes that may occur during antiretroviral therapy.

Addressing Disparities in Access to Care

Recognizing persistent inequities in access to HIV care and prevention, the guidelines recommend targeted solutions to address gaps in underserved communities. Suggested interventions include:

– Expanding access to video telemedicine and mobile health units
– Using smartphone reminders for medication or injections
– Providing adherence support through traditional methods such as pill boxes and regular check-ins by phone or text

Conclusion

While significant progress has been made in the fight against HIV, much remains to be done to ensure equitable access to life-saving interventions. These updated guidelines provide a comprehensive framework for healthcare professionals worldwide to deliver better care and move closer to ending the HIV epidemic.